Refrigerating apparatus



N0v.11,v1930. RRE-bwa I 1,181,193'

l Y REFRIGERATING APPARATUS` original P11611 Feb. 28. 1921 v2 sheets-sheet 1 J. R. Rx-:lLocaLEl REFRIGERTING APPARATUS Nov. 1I, 1930.

Original Filed Feb. 28. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented No. l11, 1930 JoHN n. nErLoeLE, or

TROIT, ICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR T KELVINATOR CORPORA- TION, OF DETR T,' MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Original application iiIed'February 28, 1921, Serial No. 448,331, and in Canada February 11, 1922. Divided and this application lgd June 1Q, 1927. Serial No. 197,942.

w improved construction and arrangement of parts. e

Another object is' to provide an improved arrangement ,of the cooling unit parts with respect to the air circulating openings in the cooling chamber of a refrigerator cabinet.

Another object is to provide a vaporizer for said cooling unit of improved onstruction and arrangement of parts.

Another object is to provide an improved arrangement of vaporizer parts with respect to a brine tank 'and alsowith respect to a chamber located in said brine tank, which chamber is adapted to receive material to be chilled or frozen such as food, water andthe like. Y

Other objects more or less incidental or ancillary to` the foregoing will be apparent to those skilled in the art from an examination of the following description in, connection with the accompanying drawing.

In the drawings:

Fig. lis a front elevation of a refrigerator assembly with some parts shown in section.

and other parts broken away.

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of ,the cooling chamber of this refrigerator, the said section being taken at right angles to Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is` an enlarged) side elevation of the refrigerating or brine tank, with the vaporizer therein, some parts being broken .awa and some being shown in section. h-

Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the device vshown in Fig. '3, some parts being broken away and some being shown in section.

I have shown in Figsa. 1 and 2 a mechanical refrigerator cabinet 1 which is divided, as

shown, by a horizontal partition wall 2-into a:l

refrigerator compartment 3 and a machine compartment 4.- Thev exteriorv top, bottom, front, back and end walls of this cabin'et 'are designated by the reference characters 5, 6,7, 8 and 9 respectively. These walls are rigidly secured together in any convenient manner and are braced by means of suitable bars 10 as shown in Fig. 2. A lining of insulating material 11 is provided for the refrigerator compartment 3. It will be noted that the lining provided at the ends and back of this compartment -is spaced from the exterior walls of the cabinet; which construction, as

will be readily understood, provides a dead air heat insulating space 12 between the refrigerator compartment 3 .and the exterior walls thereof. l

Located within or adjacent to the compartment 3 as for example tone side and within the upper portion Vt ereof, is a relatively small refrigerating or cooling chamber 14 open at its front end and closed by the door (See Figs. 1 and 2.) The-walls of the compartment 3 may form two sides and the top of this chamber. The remaining side 16 and the bottom 17 of this chamber also may be providedl with 'heat insulating material, a1- tliough this is not necessary. A lining 18 of any suitable materzl7 -forms the interior walls of this chamber. o openings are provided one above the other for the thermo-siphonic circulation of air through the chamber. As

shown, the side wall 16 is provided at its upper end with lan inlet opening 19 and the bottom wall 17 is provided with an outlet opening 20 for such circulation of air. A thermostatically controlled damper mechanism 21 which constitutes the subject of my Patent No. 1,652,216patented Dec. 13, 1927, controls the circulation of air through the opening 20 in a manner which will be readily under-v stood.- a L' 7The arrangement of the cooling chamber provides a continuous L-shaped food compartment 22,'one part thereof extending vertically valong the side of the cooling chamber 14 and the other laterally beneath the said chamber. This food compartment is lined with porcelain or enameled material, as is common in such structures. This compartment 22 is closed b an convenient arrange-` ment of doors. .'s s own, this is accomplished by means of the full length main -cated beneath the door 15.`

door 23, and a smaller door (not shown) lo- `WithinA the cooling chamber and between the inletand outlet openings 19 and '20, I- `have positioned` a refrigerating or -cooling unit 24 which forms anessential part of my vmechanically operated refrigeratmg system. This cobling unit occupies a central position -air throu h the food compartment and cooling cham er. The warm air rising from the food contained in the compartment 22 will flow throhgh the inlet opening 19 and into the cooling chamber 14, wherein-its temperature is'lowered as it comes-into contact with the cooling unit and as a result flows down.-

ward and about the unit and passes through the outletopening 20 and intothe lower part of the compartment 22 wherein its temperature is agaln raised as it performs its functions of cooling the food contained therein.

The thermostatically controlled damper -mechanism 21 referred to above regulates the v circulation of this air through the food compartment and' cooling chamber.

The machine compartment 4 in the lower portion of the cabinet 1 is adapted to contain a `motor-compressorcondenser unit. It is to be noted that in the broader Aaspects of my invention it is not essential that this machine compartment be included in the cabinet as the compressor can be installed in a remote position such as the basement or a different room of the building. This machine compartment is ada ted to be tightly closed by means of a suita le door (not shown) so that any noise ofthe operating mechanism within will'be reduced to a minimum. Within the machine compartment' 4 I have installed, as was stated, the motor-compresv sor-condenser unit which forms an essential part of a refrigerating system which maintains a low temperature in the refrlgerator compartment 3. This unit comprises an elec.

' tric motor 25,' a compressor 26 driven by the motor, and a water cooled condenser 27.y The ycompressor is adapted to receive vaporized re- 55 frigerant .throul h its suction inlet, compress the vapor and discharge it into the condenser' where the combined pressure and cooling .liquefy it. The motor-compressor-condenser unit will not be described in detail since, so

far as the present invention is concerned, the

compressor-condenser unit may have any suitable detail construction, and indeed, so far as some aspects vof the invention are concerned, any apparatus can be used ,that is adapted to liquefy refrigerant vapor. How- The food compartment 22 is so its ot ever, itis observed that the unit shown in the drawings is described in detail in my application Serial No. 448,331,'above referred to.

The suction side of compressor 26 is con-y nected by a conduit 28 with the vapor space o of a vaporizer 29 forming an essential part ofthe cooling unit 24 referred to above. The

discharge port of the condenser is connected by a co duit 30 to the `refrigerant inlet ofl the sai vaporize'r 29, said conduit being adapted to conduct liquid refrigerant to the vaporizer from the condenser. Any suitable ally soluble, and also theoil is of lower specic gravity than the said refrigerant. This oil -is initially charged into the crank case of the compressor to a level slightly below the lowest point of travel of the working piston thereof, so that during the operation the said oil will be splashed on the variousl journals and into the working cylinders and thereby thoroughly lubricate: the moving parts and form a liquid sealv for the working piston. Some of the oil will be forced into the condenser along with the compressed vapor, wherein it will become absorbed by or dissolved in the liquefied SO2 and from there i' be forced through the conduit 30 along with the liquid SO2 into the vaporizer 29.

. The cooling unit 24 is supported with1n the cooling chamber by means of the U- A Y shaped straps 31, and comprises in addition to the vaporizer 29 referred to above, a brine tank 32. The said brine tank carries in the upper left hand portion thereof an expansion chamber or' header 33 which forms a reservoir for a substantial volume of the liquid SO2 and oil l(see Figs. 4 andy 5). A plurality of refrigerant circulating pipes bent to vform loops 34 depend from the said header and are' disposed within the brine tank.` Each 0f the pipe loops is connected atv one end 35 to the side wall 36 of the header lat a point near tlrefbottom thereof and is connected at rend 37 vto the said side wall at a point spaced from and at a higher level nthan said rst named connection. The pipe loops 34 arearranged in planes parallel to each other and at right/'angles to the side wall 36 of the header 33, and define a continuous space 38 below the said header. It is to be noted also that the pipe loops are arrangedunsymmetri'cally. with relation to a vertical arrangement of the parts ofthe vaporizer.

and the brine tank, and at the same time per mit. the symmetrical.dispositionl of the pipes within said tank. The lmid portions of the mismos pipe loops are secured together by meansof the bracing strip 39, so as to prevent any 1njury'due to their relative movement or their movement with respect to the header .33 which might result from rough handling.

The header 33 is closed at its front end by means of a removable end plate 40 and is adapted to contain liquid refrigerant and oil.' The oil which is-pumped into the header in solution lin the SO2 liquid is left behind in end plate within the outlet opening 42E The` removablel end plate 4 0 is secured to the header by means of the bolts 43, 43. .By un'- screwing the bolts 43, 43 the plate can be entirely removed from the cooling unit without disturbing thewall surface of the brine tank.

The end plate 40 carries on its inner side a needle valve44 which controls the flow of liquid SO2 and oil through the inlet passage 41. The needle valve 44 is operated by means of a float stem 45 which is pivotally secured at 46 to an extension of the end plate. A float 47 is rigidly secured to the free end of the stem 45 and is so arranged or calibrated that it floats inthe two liquids as shown in such a manner that should theliquid refrigerant rise above-a predetermined height, the needle valve will be -closed by the action of the float, a comparatively fixed level of the liquid refrigerant being thus maintained. The float stem 45 has shoulders 48 that are adapted to engagethe finger 49 on the end plate\40 tdlimit the 'upward and downward movements of theiioat. A slotted projection 50 on the fioat stem- 45 engages a pin 51 on the needle, valve into'seat in the restricted' passage 41 with the attendant injury to, and

sticking of,y the valve is eliminated.

rlhe outlet passage 42 is located at an appreciable -distance above thej. level of the .liquid SO2 in the header so as t6 reduce as much as possible the 'likelihood of any liquid SO2 escaping therethrough. `A tube 5 4 is lattached to the inner end of this passage and has its free end extending inwardly and upwardly above the oil level and communicating at/its upper end with the. vapor space of the header, Openings in the mid portions of this tube permit the oililoating on the surface ofthe SO2 to flow into the pipe 28 when thelevel of that oil rises above a redetermined height. Due to the violent boiling at times of the liquid SO2, particularly when liquid is admitted by the float valve, it has been found 'thatithe spacing of the outlet'passage above the level of the liquid SO2 is not suiicient to prevent the escape of 'the'liquid SO2 therethrough. To further insure against the'escape of this liquid I have positioned a baffle plate 56 directly beneath the opening so as to direct the flow of any boiling liquid away .from the passage 42. lThe bae plate 56' is also conveniently carried by the removable end plate 40 of the header as shown.

The liquid refrigerant is forced, under pressure through the passage 41A into the header where a low pressure is maintained by the suction of the compressor, thus permitting the liquid SO2 to boilor vaporize and in so doing to lower the temperature of the brine as well as the liquid SO2 itself.

The float valve mechanism maintains the level of the liquid SO2 above the uppermost ends 37 of the pipe loops 34, and as heat is absorbed through the walls of the pipe loops a circulation is set up through thevpipe loops of the liquid refrigerant in the header and in said loops. This 4circulation increases the efficiency of the vaporizer.

The,oil that overflows into the outlet passage 42 will contain some liquid SO2 inesolution and in' order to make use of this, the return pipe 28 thro'u hwhich the SO2vapor and oil are drawn y' the compressor is ar-l rangeddn loops or sinuations with the sections 57 slightly inclined and arranged between the walls of the cooling chamber and the brine tank as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

The`oil as it moves slowly along under the influence of gravity has the SO2 evaporated out of it by the decrease in pressure and the absorption of heat from the air in the cooling chamber. Due to the position of the conduit 28 within the cooling chamber some of the warm air entering the chamber will first Contact with the conduit 28 and as a result hasten the evaporation of the liquid SO2 contained therein. .Thus theV SO2r held in solutionin the oil is effectivelyutilizedas a refrigerant during its return to the compressor.

In the interest of compactness the upper lends of the conduits'28 and 30'are arranged above the brine tank Aand between the header and the warm air inlet opening and attached to the end plate 40 in the manner above described. The intermediate portions of these conduits may, if desired, be embedded in the .insulating material of the back wallin jure.y

taposition to each other whereby the liquid refrigerant within the pipe 30 will be somewhat further cooled by giving up a portion -of or more series of aligned openings formed in its heat to Vaporize the refrigerant particles remaining in solution in the oil in the pipe The brine tank 32 is constructed of vany suitable heat conducting material and has one the front and rear walls thereof. Three such series are shown. These openings are adapted to be closed by means of elongated tubular sleeves which form part of the wall .structure of the tank, the joints between the sleeves and the lsaid tank walls being, of course, liquid tight. The sleeves 58. are arranged within the space 38 defined by the pipe loops and constitute food chambers adapted to receive `trays or any suitable receptacles59 for the chilling of edibles or the freezing of ice, as

the case vmight be. At'60 I have shown an opening adapted to be sealed by means of a plug 61 and through which the tank 'may' be filled with any suitable heat conducting medium having a comparatively low freezing -point, preferably calcium chloride (CaCl2)- solution. y a

It will be seen that the cooling unit con--v sists essentially of a vaporizer, comprising header and depending pipe loops, and a brine Atank in the brine of which the vaporizer is partly/immersed. A cover or finishing plate 62 closes the front of the cooling chamber and prevents the warm outside air from entering during the period that the outer door 15 is open. The openings 63 are provided in this plate for the insertion of the food trays into the cooling unit.

As stated, the expansion chamber orl head er 33 is supported within the upper left hand portionl of the brine tank. As can be seen from an examination of Figs. 1 and 4, the

upper portion of the header projects above the top wall of the brine tank and is exposed to the warm air first entering the 4coolin-g chamber. Due to the expansion and contraction of the brine solution in the tank 32 it f is impossible to keep the tank-completely full.

perature.

' fmote from this warm air openin tank is substantially flush with the lower part of the warm air inlet opening Y19 and that M Mthe headerv nis -posit'ioned unsymmetrically `with relation to the brine tank ata point re- Due to this arrangement the warm 4air can freely enter the chamber and some of it will completely fill the upper portions thereof before it starts the downward circulation around the brine tank., Due to the thorough circulation of the air about the brine tank the re- `mote left hand wall thereof is effectively utilized asa cooling surface.

- In positioning the brine tank centrally of the cooling chamber with its top surface arranged below the warm air inlet opening; and in mounting the header within the brine tank with the upper portion thereof projecting above the top surface of the brine tank and positioned -at a point remote fromvthe said warm air inlet opening; and in arranging the return refrigerant conduit between the brine tank and the wall of the cooling chamber at a point adjacent the said warm air inlet opening; I have provided a highly compact and eflicient arrangement of cooling unit parts which will eectively cool -the air circulating. .through the said cooling chamber. p i

The unsymmetrical arrangement of the ldepending pipe loops 34 with respect tp a vertical plane passing through the longitudinal axis of' the header 33 permits' the header to be positioned at a point remote from the warm air inlet opening 19 and 'at the same time permits an even disposition of the pipe loops within the brine tank, which results in an even temperature of the brine solution and an even freezing of the articles contained yin the centrally located sleeves 58. In addition the unsymmetrical arrangement of the pipe loops gives ample space for the tube ends and their connections-with the side wall of the header, and also witha maximum of compactness, .it permits the ends 35 to be connected to the'bottom of the header wall which latter .is desirable to promote the circulation of liquid SO2 through the loops.

By arranging the expansion chamber and brine tank so that the removable end plate is accessible from the front of the cooling unit,

and by supporting the float controlledneev dle valve and, the bathe plate from this removable enal plate, and by providing the plate ywith both y)the refrigerant inlet and outlet passages, I have provided a. compact, convement, 'and simple arrangement of parts, i

which is highly desirable from the stand- .point of assemly and repair.-

While I have shown and'described in some detail the preferred construction 'and arrangement of parts it will be understood;v

tus, the combination of means for-liquefying a gaseous refrigerant;` a vaporizer of the `Hooded type comprising a header and plu-` 1 rality of pipe loops depending from the header each with its ends opening into said header at different levels; a conduit to con duct liquid refrigerant'from theliquefying Y means to the said header; a conduit to conduct `the vaporized refrigerantY from said Y header back to ,the liquefying means; andan automatically operated valve in the header i for controlling admission thereto of liquid refrigerant and adapted to maintain the top level of liquid refrigerant in the header above the upper openings of the said pipe loops, whereby -a circulation is promoted of the liquid refrigerant through the header and pipe loops.

2. In refrigerating apparatus, the com-- bination'of a tank for anti-freezing liquid formed with a horizontal chamber having one end opening through an upright side of the tank and adapted to receivematerial to be cooled; a vaporizer associated'with the tank and comprising an expansion chamber in the form of ahorizontally extending header disposed in the upper part of the tank and a plurality of pipe loops each extending-downl'-ward andaround the said chamber and having its respective ends opening into the said header; and means fornmaintaining liquid refrigerant in the vaporizer up toa' level above the ends of said pipe loops.

v4. In refrigerating apparatus, the combination of 'a vaporlzer comprising an exansion chamber and a plurality of.pipe

oo sl depending therefrom each with one most ends of said pipe loops.

nation of a vaporizer comprising ity 0` en opening into said expansion chamber at a higher level than its other end; and means for maintaining a level of li uid refrigerant in said expansion chamber a ove the upper- 5; In refrigeratlng apparatus, the combianexpansion chamber` and 'a plura depending therefrom each with one end opene ing into said expansion'chamber ata higher vlevel than its other end; the said expansion chamber havin' an inlet opening in the lower portion thereo and an outlet openingl therein lat a higher level than Asaid inlet opening; .means for conductingliquid refrigerant and oil of lower specific gravity than said liquid refrigerant to said inlet opening; and means for conduct-ing vaporous refrigerant and oil' v away from said outlet o ening, the said oil and li uid refrigerant mutua y soluble; VIi'nea'ns for maintaining a pipe loops i eing incompletely Y' level of li uid refrigerant in said expan'sionij chamber a ove the uppermost ends of the pipe loops and at a substantial distance below the said outlet opening, the said last named means comprising a valve controlling said 'inlet opening and a float for actuating the valve immersed partly in the liquid refrigerant and partly in the oil in the expansion chamber. y 6. In refrlgeratmg apparatus, the comb1- nation of a vaporizer, comprising an expansionrhamber and a plurality of pipe loops l depending therefrom each with both its ends. communicating with the interior of the said y lexpansion-chamber below the normal liquid level therein; the said pipe loops being disposed unsymmetrically in relation toa vertical plane passing through the horizontal axis of the said expansion chamber; and means for maintaining a body of liquid refrigerant in said expansionA chamber and 'pipe loops'.

nation of a vaporizer, comprising an expansion chamber and a pluralityofIP pipe loops depending therefrom each with one of its ends opening into the interior of the said header at a higher level than its other end and with the ends' belowv the -normal liquid level in said header; the said pipe loops being disposed unsymmetrically in relation. to a Vertical plane passing `through'the horizontal axis of the said expansion chamber; and means for maintaining a body ofliquid refrigerant in said expansionF chamber and pipe- 2loops.`

8. In refrigeration apparatus, the combination of a brine tank; an expansion 'cham- 7 In refrigeration apparatus, the 'combi-l ber; a plurality of pipe loops depending'- from said expansion chamber and disposed within said brine tank, each pipe loop'having one of its ends opening into said expanslon chamber at a higher level than its other end;

the said .v pipe loops being disposed unsym-v metrically in relation to a vertical plane passing through the horizontal axis of the said expansion chamber, and being so arranged with respect to each other as tol define an elongated space within the interior of the said brine tank; means forming a chamber for receiving ffood receptacles accessible from one side df the said brine tank and disposed withili the space defined by the pipe loops; and means for maintaininga body of liquid refrigerant in said expansion chamber and pipe loops.

9. In refrigeration apparatus. the` combi'- I l nation of a cooling chamber having a warm air inlet opening through the upper portion of one side wallthereof and a cool air outlet opening arranged. below said {irstnamed opening; a cooling unit arranged within saidl chamber and spaced from theA side wall hav4 ing thewarm air inlet opening; said cooling unit ineludingan. Iexpansion chamber foi holdingl liquid refrigerant; means for cloni-l ducting liquid refrigerant into said expansion chamber; and means for conducting Lvaratus f f b posed within the said expansion. chaiiiber at porous refrigerant out from said expansion chamber; said last named means comprising an elongated sinuous pipe section connected to said expansion chamber and disposed lbetween the said cooling unit and the side wall L of the cooling chamber having the wai-'m air inlet opening.

10. In la vaporizer for ref igeration appa-- ratus, 'the combination of an. expansion chamber; a removable end plate for said expansion chamber having openings therethrough for the passage of liquid refriger-n chamber; a removable end plate Afor said exansion chamber having an inletpassagefor quid refrigerant and an outlet passage for vaporous refrigerant formed therethrough;l

means for maintaining a body of liquid renerant 1n said expansion chamber; and a a e plnte carried bv said end plate and disa point below saidoutlet ,passage for preventing the splashing of. liquid refrigerant into the said outlet passage.

12. In a vaporizer for refrigeration appa.- ratus, the combination of a header containing liquid refrigerant; lmeans for maintaining a predetermined liquid level in the header; a plurality of aligned tubes bent to form separate loops and attached at theirv ends to the said header below the liquid refrigerant level therein; the said loops having their midv portions extending to points relatively remote from said header; and bracing means connecting together the midportions of the tube loops.

paratus, the combination of anexpansion chambershaving inlet and outlet openings therein; means ,for conducting liquid refrigerant to the inlet openingsfand for. conducting vaporous refrigerant away from the outlet openings; depending refrigerant circulating tubes operatively connected to said ex pansion chamber; and means ,within .said

eader for, preventing liquid refrigerantfrom boiling intothe said outlet opening.

14. In a vaporizer for refrigeration apv chamber 'having inlet and outlet refrigerant 'Y connections; means for conducting liquid re-l,

rant'to said mletconnection and gaseous fri re -rigerantaway from said outlet connection; refiigermt the combination of an expansion` operatively connected to said expansion c amber; and a baie plate located in said expansion -chamber below said outlet connection for preventing the' liquid refrigerant from boiling into said outlet connection.

15. In a vaporizer for refrigeration apparatus, the combination of an ex ansionchamber having aninlet opening t erein for the admission of liquid refrigerant thereto and an voutlet'openin for the` passage of vaporous refrigerant t erefrom; and a baie plate located 'within the said expansion chamber -and directly over the said inlet opening for preventing the incoming liquid refrigerant from boiling into said outlet opening.

16. In a va orizer for refrigeration apparatus, the com ination of an ex ansion chamber having an inlet opening t erein for-the admission of liquid refrigerant thereto, and an outlet opening therein positioned above and spaced from said inlet openin for the passage of vaporous refrigerant expansion chambe andv means disposed within said expansion chamber and between the inlet and outlet openings for preventing the incoming li uid refrigerant from boiling into said out et passage. f

17 In refrigeration apparatus, nation of a compartment to be cooled; a cooling chamber having inlet and outlet openings therein for the assage of air there-l through,1and so posit;oned with res ect-to om said the combi- L said compartment to permit a .t ermolsiphonic circulation of air through said chamber and compartment; a brine tank positioned lwithin said cooling chamber between sa1d inlet and outlet o enings with its top surface substantially I, low the top of the inletl y i opening; and a refri erant expansion chambei' in thebrine tan comprising a header posed to the warm air entering said chamber.

18.* In refrigeration apparatus, the com-J bination of a compartment to be cooled; a Ncooling chamber having inlet and outlet 13. In a vaporizer for refrigeration ap-` ysaidc'zompartmentr to 'permit a thermo-siphoni'c circulation ofairthroughsaid cham-r ber .and compartment; a Ibrinetank posi-1 v- .tioned-jwithin saidy coolin chamber `between said inlet and outleto'pemngswithits u per surface 'substantially below the top o the inlet opening; an expansion chamber in the Asaid brine tank and havin a substantial part ofitsbody surface" exten ing above the said t brine tankl in a plane with said air inlet openparatus, the combination of an expansion ingand exposed to the nwarm air entering saidj chamber; and `means v;for conducting refrigerant, to and from-said expansion chamuml ben-said means comprising conduits, porf tionsof which being positloned above .the l saidbrinetaikand between the said expanlso - bination of a refrigerator cabinet; a refrigsion chamber and the Warm air inlet opening.

19. In refrigeration apparatus, the comerator compartment located Within said cabinet; a cooling unit Within said compartment and so arranged With respect thereto asto cause a circulation of air about said unit `and through said compartment; the said cooling unit comprising a brine tank and an expansion chamber comprising aheader having a part thereof immersed in the brine and a part extending outside of said brine tank and eX- posed to the circulating air; and means for conducting refrigerant to and from said header.

20. In refrigeration apparatus, the combination of an expansion chamber; a plu rality of tubes bent to form separate loops and attached at their ends to the said expansion chamber; the said tube loops being so arranged with respect ,to'each other as to define Within them a continuous space; means for maintaining a level'of liquid refrigerant in said expansion chamber above the endsof the said tube loops; a receptacle for food;

vand means lfor supporting the said receptacle Withiirthe space defined by the said tube loops.

U 21-. In refrigeration apparatus, the com! b1nat1on of an, expansion chamber; a plu-' rality of tubesbent to form separate loops -and'attached at their ends to the said eX- pansion chamber; the said tube'loops being arranged 1n a row extending longitudinally of said header; means for maintaining a body of -liquid refrigerant in said expansion chamber; a receptacle for food; and means for supporting the said receptacle Within the space defined by said tube loops. l

22. In a vaporizer for refrigeration apparatus, the combination of an expansion chamlier; av removable plate for closing an openvlng 1n a wall of sald expansion chamber, said plate having openings therethrough for the passage of liquid refrigerant to and vaporous refrigerant from said expansion chamber; and a float valve mechanism carried by said v plate for controlling the amount of liquid refrigerant entering in toy said expansion chamber.

23. In mechanical refrigerating 4appa- I ratus, the combination with a compartment to' be cooled of a closed` system for the circulation of mingled refrigerant and lubricant comprising a refrigerant compressor, a condenser 1nto which the -compressor delivers, a vaporizer of theflooded type comprising an expansion chamber and disposed in the said compartment, a conduit to conduct liquid refrigerant and lubricantfrom the condenser to said expansion chamber a conduit to-conduct the vapoljzed refrigerant -RYmand;--ligquidH lubricant froml the expansion chamber backto tle'compressor, and a float actuated valve in the expansion chamber'for automatically controlling admission of the lliquid refrigeranty and lubricant into said chamber, the last named conduit comprising an elongated sinuous section, disposed .Within the said compartment, whereby refrigerant held in solution in lubricant passing \through said conduit is permitted to vaporize Withinl the bounds of said compartment as it passesback to the compressor.

' 24. In mechanical refrigerating ,apparatus, the combination with a compartment to be cooled of a closed system for the'circant comprising a refrigerant compressor,

a condenser into which the compressor delivers, a Vaporizer of the flooded type comprising an expansion chamber and disposed in the said compartment, a conduit' to conduct liquid refrigerant and lubricant fr`om the condenser to said expans1on chamber, a conduit to conduct the vaporized refrigerant and liquid lubricant from the expansion 'cula-tion of mingled refrigerant and lubrichamber back to theV compressor, a float acmitted to vaporize within the bounds of said compartment as it passes back to the compressor. l

25. In refrigerating apparatus, the com bination of a vaporizer, a compressor, acondenser, a pipe for conveying liquid refrlgerant and lubricant dissolved therein .from the condenser to the vaporizer, means adapted 1n conjunction With said pipe and compresscr tomaintain abody of liquid refrlgerant 1n the'vaporizer and a pipe for conveymg lubrlcant and vaporized refrigerant from the vaporizer to the compressor and comprising a plurality o/f loops constituting an elongated l vtortuous passage whereby any liquld refug-` erant in the returning lubricant will alll be vaporized in passing through said tortuous passage.

26. In a vaporiizer for refrigeration apparatus, the combination of an'expansion chamber adapted to contain liquid refrigerant and oil and having an inlet opening therein for ,the'admission of "liquid refrigerant and oill thereto', and an outlet opening therein posiv tioned above 'and spaced from said inlet opening for the passage of vaporous refrigerant and liquid oil from the expansion chamber and means submerged inthe liquid in said elongated sinuous sec- Y .chamber for preventing boiling of refrigerant into said outlet opening.

27. In a vaporizer for refrigeration apparatus, the combination of an expansion chamber adapted to contain substantially aV conjing for gasiiied refrigerant and liquid oil;

and a baffle secured within said chamber beneath said outlet opening and below the liquid level therein. 1

28. In avaporizer for refrigeration apparatus, the combination of an expansion cham-l ber; a removable end plate for said expansion chamber having openings therethrough for the passage of liquid-refrigerant to and vaporous refrigerant from the said expansion chamber, and a float valve mechanism carried by said end plate for controlling the amount of liquid refri erant entering into the said expansion cham er.

'29.. In .a refrigerating apparatus, a vaporizer comprising a. header adapted to contain liquid refrigerant and a plurality -of pipe loops secured thereto with both ends of each loop in open -communication with said header below the level of liquid ,con-t tained therein, said pipe loops being disposed'in parallel relationshi' and comprising portions extending laterally beyond said header, and means for maintaining a body of firmly' engaging a plurality of said tubesv fat al point remote from said header.

33. In refrigerating apparatus, vaporlaer,v means comprising liquid refrigerant conta1n ing means, two groups of refrigerant conduits connected to said liquid refrigerant containing means at different horizontal of v'one group to the conduits of the otherv group at a point remote from said liquid re-l signature. l i' y i .JOHN R. REPLOGLE.

liquid refrigerant in said header and said pipe loops.

30. In a refrigerating'apparaturs, a val porizer comprising a header adapted to contain liquid refrigerant and a plurality of refrigerant .conduits lconnected thereto. with both ends of each conduit. in open communication with said header below the level of liquid therein, one of said ends bei-ngdis- 7posed at aA higher horizontal levelthan the other end, said conduits being provided with portions extending laterally beyond said vheader and arranged in parallel relationship,

and meansvfor maintaining a body of liquid refrigerant in said chamber and said conduits. i

' 31. In a refrigerating apparatus, a va'- porizer comprising av header adapted to conl tain liquid refrigerant, means for maintaining a predetermined vli uid level in the header, a plurality of refrigerant conduitsconnected thereto with `both ends .of each conduit in open communication with said headf er below the level of liquid therein, one 'of said ends being..disposed at a higher horizontal level than the other end, said coni ,duits being provided with rportions extending laterally-beyond said header and arranged in parallel engaging a plurality rlationship', and means f said tubes at a point remote from said-header.

levels, means for connectingl the conduits l Ilors i no 

